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music + genomes
The 2023 π Day art is a music performance in collaboration with Flunk.

Chromosomes

Music, genomes, split-flaps

In science one tries to tell people,
in such a way as to be understood by everyone,
something that no one ever knew before.
But in poetry, it’s the exact opposite.
—Paul Dirac, Mathematical Circles Adieu by H. Eves [quoted]
“Chromosomes” is a 6 minute demo, composed of 3 tracks based on the structures of human chromosomes 1, 21, and Y.

Our goal is to eventually create a full album with a track for each chromosome.

1 · Chromosomes Music Album

In 2022, together with Gregory Coles, we composed a piano album (three one four — a number of notes) to celebrate 2022 `\pi` day.

The 2022 π Day art is a music album composed by Greg Coles for solo piano. It tells stories from the very beginning (314…) to the very (known) end of π (…264) as well as math (Wallis Product) and math jokes (Feynman Point), repetition (nn) and zeroes (null).

For the 2023 `\pi` day, Greg and I collaborated again, along with the vocalist from Flunk to create a 10 hour recording of 10,000 digits of `\pi`, read out in various languages.

The 2023 π Day art is a music performance in collaboration with Flunk.

So, when the American Museum of Natural History reached out to me to be part of a colloqium to discuss the next Invisible Worlds exhibit with DNA as a the central theme, I thought Greg and I should work again to create a short demo of what a music album about DNA might sound like.

We created “Chromosomes”, a 6 minute demo, composed of 3 tracks based on the structures of chromosomes 1, 21, and Y. On these pages, I describe the methods and process that went into the creation of the demo.

The cover design and ideogram elements were suggested by John Dupuis. They add a playful aspect to the split-flap panel — watch them grow and divide.

Chromosomes (Music, genomes, split-flaps) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
▲ CHROMOSOMES | Music, genomes, split-flaps (watch)

Music was composed by Gregory Coles. For detailed description of the composition, check out Greg's composer notes in the Methods section.

2 · Creating the Music

Each track is based on a unique microtonal scale derived from the structure of human chromosomes 1, 21, and Y.

“Microtonal, you say?”

Don't worry, it will sound great.

2.1 · Microtonal scales

Briefly, a chromosome’s scale is constructed by interpreting the relative position of its bands as a frequency ratio. To limit the number of scale degrees, light bands are grouped together before note assignment.

Chromosomes (Music, genomes, split-flaps) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
▲ DETERMINING SCALE NOTES | A chromosome’s scale is constructed by interpreting the relative position of its bands as a frequency ratio. To limit the number of scale degrees, light bands are grouped together before note assignment.

There's more detail about this in the Methods section.

2.2 · Track 1 — Chromosome 21

Track 1 starts by initializing the split-flap panel and opens with pleasant sounds hint at clockwork computation.

All in all, a pleasant way to begin.

2.3 · Track 2 — Chromosome Y

Track 2 has a much darker tone, with ancestral vibes and hints at the unknown.

Thanks chromosome Y!

2.4 · Track 3 — Chromosome 1

This track wraps things up with a glitchy climax. We hear someone telling us of “unknown effects” and “endless possibilities”.

It wouldn't be an ending without a 2 minute reverb tail.

The voice recording is by Hannah Iqbal.

3 · Animation

For the animation, I created a web-based system that provided a framework for split-flap animation.

It began with a relatively simple idea to map MIDI events exported from Ableton onto onto events in the split-flap panel.

The system quickly grew to support mutations, repeats, translation, and dividing ideograms. Making it almost killed me — but don't worry, I am now stronger for it.

Chromosomes (Music, genomes, split-flaps) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
▲ CHROMOSOME ANIMATION SYSTEM | The animations for the demo were created with a custom web-based split-flap animation system.
Martin Krzywinski | contact | Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre ⊂ PHSA
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