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science + story

GSC Branding

Files and the story behind the design

Art is science in love.
— E.F. Weisslitz

GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
Based on the geometry of human chromosome 19, the logo embeds ideas of sequence conservation, cell division, and cancer.

There are five logo formats: letterform badge (for tight spaces), letterform, and combination form (vertical centered, vertical left and horizontal).

Don't shrink the artwork. Don't change its aspect ratio.

Each has a minimum size for physical reproduction that ensures that that the combination form font size is at least 8 pt. These sizes are listed below.

At minimum size, the size of the “GSC” letters is

“GSC” width at minimum width
0.37” (9.4 mm)
“GSC” height at minimum width
0.46” (11.6 mm)
GSC aspect ratio
0.81

The logo files (PNG 2400dpi, PDF, SVG) for each logo type are provided at the corresponding minimum size.

The only time you need to worry about minimum size is when composing on letter (or smaller) artboards.

1.1 · Download logo files

1.2 · Lettermark badge

Use in tight spaces when the light has gone out.

Minimum width
0.62” (15.8 mm)
Height at minimum width
0.71” (18.0 mm)
Aspect ratio
0.88
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Black (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Teal (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Orange (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White on teal.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Orange on teal.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Black on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White on black.

1.3 · Lettermark

For normal scenarios.

Minimum width
0.87” (22.2 mm)
Height at minimum width
0.96” (24.4 mm)
Aspect ratio
0.91
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Black (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Teal (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Orange (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White on teal.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Orange on teal.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Black on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White on black.

1.4 · Combination mark — vertical, centered

For cases where a center axis is desired.

Minimum width
2.12” (53.9 mm)
Height at minimum width
1.29” (32.7 mm)
Aspect ratio
1.65
Font size/leading at minimum width
8/9.06 pt
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Black (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Teal (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Orange (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White on teal.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Orange on teal.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Black on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White on black.

1.5 · Combination mark — vertical, left-aligned

For cases where layout demands a left beginning.

Minimum width
2.12” (53.9 mm)
Height at minimum width
1.29” (32.7 mm)
Aspect ratio
1.65
Font size/leading at minimum width
8/9.06 pt
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Black (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Teal (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Orange (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White on teal.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Orange on teal.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Black on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White on black.

1.6 · Combination mark — horizontal

For cases where vertical space is lacking.

Minimum width
2.62” (66.5 mm)
Height at minimum width
0.96” (24.4 mm)
Aspect ratio
2.73
Font size/leading at minimum width
8/9.06 pt
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Black (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Teal (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Orange (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White on teal.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Orange on teal.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | Black on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC LOGO | White on black.

1.7 · PHSA and GSC Combination mark — vertical, centered

For cases where a center axis is desired.

The GSC is a programme of our parent organization, the Provincial Health Services Authority (PHSA).

The PHSA logo is scaled so that the height of the province is the same as the height of the GSC lettermark. For details about PHSA branding, see the PHSA branding guidelines.

Minimum width
2.12” (53.9 mm)
Height at minimum width
2.29” (58.1 mm)
Aspect ratio
0.93
Font size/leading at minimum width
8/9.06 pt (PHSA 10.9/11.1 pt)
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | Black (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | White (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | Teal (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | Black on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | White on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | White on black.

1.8 · PHSA and GSC Combination mark — vertical, left-aligned

For cases where layout demands a left beginning.

Minimum width
2.12” (53.9 mm)
Height at minimum width
2.29” (58.1 mm)
Aspect ratio
0.93
Font size/leading at minimum width
8/9.06 pt (PHSA 10.9/11.1 pt)
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | Black (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | White (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | Teal (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | Black on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | White on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | White on black.

1.9 · PHSA and GSC Combination mark — horizontal

For cases where vertical space is lacking.

Minimum width
4.85” (123.2 mm)
Height at minimum width
0.96” (24.4 mm)
Aspect ratio
5.05
Font size/leading at minimum width
8/9.06 pt (PHSA 10.9/11.1 pt)
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | Black (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | White (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | Teal (transparent background).
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | Black on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | White on orange.
GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
PHSA AND GSC LOGO | White on black.

1.10 · ASCII

A variety of ASCII logos: 24 30 38 45 52 60 67 74 80 columns.

Below is the 80-column version of our logo.

         .^7J5PGGP5?~:          .^7J5PGGPY?~:          .^7J5PGGPY?~.                         
       ~P&@@@@@@@@@@@@@@#J:   ~P&@@@@@@@@@@@@@@#J.   ~P&@@@@@@@@@@@@@@B?.                     
    .5@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@#P@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@#P@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@#~                   
   J@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@#:                 
  #@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@7                
 #@@@@@@@@@@@P!^::~?#@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@P!^::~J#@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@P!^::~J#@@@@@@@@@@@~               
7@@@@@@@@@@5         :&@@@@@@@@@@@Y         :&@@@@@@@@@@@Y         ^&@@@@@@@@@&               
#@@@@@@@@@G           .@@@@@@@@@@P           .@@@@@@@@@@5           .@@@@@@@@@@^              
&@@@@@@@@@7            #@@@@@@@@@!            &@@@@@@@@@!            &@@@@@@@@@~              
&@@@@@@@@@7                                   &@@@@@@@@@!            &@@@@@@@@@~              
&@@@@@@@@@7                                   &@@@@@@@@@!            &@@@@@@@@@~              
&@@@@@@@@@7                                   &@@@@@@@@@!            &@@@@@@@@@~              
&@@@@@@@@@7            #@@@@@@@@@!            &@@@@@@@@@!            &@@@@@@@@@~              
&@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@!             .........               
&@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@7             .~JG&@@@@!                                     
&@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@7                  .7B@!                                     
&@@@@@@@@@7            B@@@@@@@@@#                     .                                      
&@@@@@@@@@7            ^@@@@@@@@@@&~                                                          
&@@@@@@@@@7             Y@@@@@@@@@@@@B5YJJ7~:                                                 
&@@@@@@@@@7              J@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@&P~                                             
&@@@@@@@@@7               :#@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@G:                                          
&@@@@@@@@@7                 ^G@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@G.                                        
&@@@@@@@@@7                    ^YB&@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@~                                       
&@@@@@@@@@7                        .:^~~!?P&@@@@@@@@@@@^                                      
&@@@@@@@@@7                                 !@@@@@@@@@@&                                      
&@@@@@@@@@7                                  :@@@@@@@@@@^                                     
&@@@@@@@@@7                                   &@@@@@@@@@!                                     
&@@@@@@@@@7                                   &@@@@@@@@@!                                     
&@@@@@@@@@7     .###############&~            &@@@@@@@@@!                                     
&@@@@@@@@@7     :@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@!                                     
&@@@@@@@@@7     :@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@!            ~!!!!!!!!!.              
&@@@@@@@@@7     :@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@!            @@@@@@@@@@!              
&@@@@@@@@@7     :@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@!            &@@@@@@@@@!              
&@@@@@@@@@7      ......&@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@!            #@@@@@@@@@~              
&@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@!                                     
&@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@!                                     
&@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@!                                     
&@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@!            &@@@@@@@@@~              
&@@@@@@@@@?            &@@@@@@@@@7            &@@@@@@@@@!            @@@@@@@@@@~              
G@@@@@@@@@#           ~@@@@@@@@@@#           ~@@@@@@@@@@#           !@@@@@@@@@@:              
^@@@@@@@@@@&~       .J@@@@@@@@@@@@#^       .Y@@@@@@@@@@@@#^       .Y@@@@@@@@@@#               
 Y@@@@@@@@@@@&B5JYP#@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@&B5JYP#@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@&B5JYP#@@@@@@@@@@@@.               
  J@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@&.                
   :#@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@J                  
     ^G@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@&J^G@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@&?~G@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@&?.                   
        ~5#&@@@@@@@@@@&G?:     ~5#&@@@@@@@@@@&G?:     ~5#@@@@@@@@@@@&G?.                      
            .:^~!~~^.              .:^~~~~^.              .:^~~~~^.                           

Our logo is based on the geometry of human chromosome 19.

This chromosome contains many genes essential to all forms of life and is our most conserved chromosome across species.

It is also most densely packed with genes that are causally implicated in cancer and listed in the Cancer Gene Census. The chromosome has 6% of CGC genes (43/759) but comprises only 2% of the genome. Its CGC gene density is 0.73 genes/Mb — 130% denser than the next densest chromosome (17).

Read the full story behind the design.

GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
DESIGN OF THE GSC LOGO | Structural components making up the GSC logo.

2 · Color palette

Energetic, but grounded.

I've selected the colors based on how they look in my Pantone Solid Uncoated (PMS U) color book.

Lab and RGB values are from Pantone Solid Uncoated v5. CMYK conversions are from Pantone Bridge Uncoated (UP) v5.

GSC Branding (Files and the story behind the design) -- science + art + data visualization / Martin Krzywinski / Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
GSC COLOR PALETTE | Primary, secondary, tertiary and neutral colors. PMS values are Pantone Solid Uncoated (v5). CMYK values are Pantone Bridge Uncoated (v5).

2.1 · Color table

LCH is cylindrical Lab. You can use this space to alter perceptual lightness (L) and saturation (chroma, C) for applications where quantitative mapping to color is needed.

2.1.1 · Primary colors

For logos, titles and top-level backgrounds.

R
G
B
hex
C
M
Y
K
L
a
b
L
C
H
Pantone
27
104
117
content_copy
content_copy 1B6875
100
19
27
44
content_copy
39.67
-19.82
-15.47
content_copy
40
22
217
content_copy
content_copy 3155
255
192
63
content_copy
content_copy FFC03F
0
16
97
0
content_copy
84.01
21.01
72.72
content_copy
81
70
80
content_copy
content_copy 122

2.1.2 · Secondary colors

4 shades of primary colors for accents.

For accents.

R
G
B
hex
C
M
Y
K
L
a
b
L
C
H
Pantone
0
191
211
content_copy
content_copy 00BFD3
71
0
12
0
content_copy
69.68
-36.15
-24.40
content_copy
70
38
213
content_copy
content_copy 3115
0
171
194
content_copy
content_copy 00ABC2
94
0
19
0
content_copy
62.18
-37.46
-26.68
content_copy
64
35
218
content_copy
content_copy 3125
0
142
166
content_copy
content_copy 008EA6
100
0
20
11
content_copy
51.33
-36.79
-27.46
content_copy
54
31
223
content_copy
content_copy 3135
0
119
136
content_copy
content_copy 007788
100
11
24
32
content_copy
44.41
-26.21
-19.60
content_copy
45
27
218
content_copy
content_copy 3145
255
217
106
content_copy
content_copy FFD96A
0
5
77
0
content_copy
89.47
8.04
60.14
content_copy
87
58
89
content_copy
content_copy 120
255
204
82
content_copy
content_copy FFCC52
0
11
92
0
content_copy
86.48
15.13
67.56
content_copy
84
65
84
content_copy
content_copy 121
255
172
42
content_copy
content_copy FFAC2A
0
25
100
0
content_copy
79.67
31.14
76.12
content_copy
76
75
73
content_copy
content_copy 123
215
145
51
content_copy
content_copy D79133
0
38
100
4
content_copy
66.78
22.52
58.71
content_copy
65
60
72
content_copy
content_copy 124

2.1.3 · Tertiary colors

For contrast.

R
G
B
hex
C
M
Y
K
L
a
b
L
C
H
Pantone
0
207
187
content_copy
content_copy 00CFBB
63
0
36
0
content_copy
73.58
-49.28
-5.56
content_copy
75
46
182
content_copy
content_copy 3255
0
192
170
content_copy
content_copy 00C0AA
76
0
46
0
content_copy
67.76
-53.21
-5.23
content_copy
69
45
180
content_copy
content_copy 3265
0
170
147
content_copy
content_copy 00AA93
94
0
58
0
content_copy
59.43
-56.24
-4.82
content_copy
62
42
178
content_copy
content_copy 3275
0
144
129
content_copy
content_copy 009081
100
0
56
9
content_copy
52.47
-38.81
-4.20
content_copy
53
36
182
content_copy
content_copy 3285
239
132
185
content_copy
content_copy EF84B9
0
62
0
0
content_copy
69.26
48.14
-7.76
content_copy
68
48
348
content_copy
content_copy 218
228
92
150
content_copy
content_copy E45C96
0
89
0
0
content_copy
59.72
59.96
-1.83
content_copy
58
58
355
content_copy
content_copy 219
219
72
126
content_copy
content_copy DB487E
0
100
13
0
content_copy
54.74
63.55
5.04
content_copy
53
61
1
content_copy
content_copy Rubine Red
176
76
117
content_copy
content_copy B04C75
11
100
10
14
content_copy
47.53
46.44
-0.95
content_copy
46
45
356
content_copy
content_copy 220
191
161
227
content_copy
content_copy BFA1E3
27
38
0
0
content_copy
70.90
21.49
-29.17
content_copy
70
37
309
content_copy
content_copy 264
157
122
210
content_copy
content_copy 9D7AD2
49
60
0
0
content_copy
57.77
27.35
-40.13
content_copy
57
51
307
content_copy
content_copy 265
138
101
196
content_copy
content_copy 8A65C4
62
75
0
0
content_copy
50.20
29.93
-43.90
content_copy
50
56
308
content_copy
content_copy 266
127
93
174
content_copy
content_copy 7F5DAE
68
84
0
0
content_copy
46.03
26.91
-37.92
content_copy
46
49
308
content_copy
content_copy 267
206
180
169
content_copy
content_copy CEB4A9
12
26
25
2
content_copy
75.38
9.40
9.35
content_copy
75
11
50
content_copy
content_copy 4745
174
145
136
content_copy
content_copy AE9188
20
38
37
12
content_copy
62.98
11.21
9.18
content_copy
62
12
43
content_copy
content_copy 4725
139
111
102
content_copy
content_copy 8B6F66
26
52
55
31
content_copy
49.67
10.96
9.63
content_copy
49
13
43
content_copy
content_copy 4705
119
92
80
content_copy
content_copy 775C50
23
64
75
50
content_copy
41.90
10.65
11.39
content_copy
41
14
50
content_copy
content_copy 4695

2.1.4 · Neutral warm colors

For cozy gray days.

R
G
B
hex
C
M
Y
K
L
a
b
L
C
H
Pantone
219
213
205
content_copy
content_copy DBD5CD
9
10
11
0
content_copy
85.59
1.63
4.52
content_copy
85
4
81
content_copy
content_copy Warm Gray 1
207
199
192
content_copy
content_copy CFC7C0
14
14
16
0
content_copy
80.83
1.98
4.68
content_copy
80
4
70
content_copy
content_copy Warm Gray 2
190
182
175
content_copy
content_copy BEB6AF
20
20
22
3
content_copy
74.66
2.22
4.42
content_copy
74
4
70
content_copy
content_copy Warm Gray 3
180
172
166
content_copy
content_copy B4ACA6
24
23
25
5
content_copy
70.85
2.33
4.23
content_copy
70
4
66
content_copy
content_copy Warm Gray 4
169
161
155
content_copy
content_copy A9A19B
27
26
28
9
content_copy
66.79
2.35
3.85
content_copy
66
4
66
content_copy
content_copy Warm Gray 5
162
155
150
content_copy
content_copy A29B96
29
28
29
12
content_copy
64.44
2.38
3.64
content_copy
64
3
65
content_copy
content_copy Warm Gray 6
150
143
139
content_copy
content_copy 968F8B
33
31
33
17
content_copy
60.03
2.30
3.30
content_copy
59
3
58
content_copy
content_copy Warm Gray 7
142
136
132
content_copy
content_copy 8E8884
36
34
35
21
content_copy
57.13
2.27
3.10
content_copy
57
3
63
content_copy
content_copy Warm Gray 8
134
127
124
content_copy
content_copy 867F7C
39
37
38
26
content_copy
53.86
2.20
2.91
content_copy
53
3
51
content_copy
content_copy Warm Gray 9
130
124
120
content_copy
content_copy 827C78
40
39
39
29
content_copy
52.37
2.21
2.94
content_copy
52
3
63
content_copy
content_copy Warm Gray 10
125
119
115
content_copy
content_copy 7D7773
41
40
41
32
content_copy
50.47
2.15
2.85
content_copy
50
3
63
content_copy
content_copy Warm Gray 11

2.1.5 · Neutral cool colors

For rainy gray days.

R
G
B
hex
C
M
Y
K
L
a
b
L
C
H
Pantone
218
217
214
content_copy
content_copy DAD9D6
10
8
7
0
content_copy
86.74
0.20
1.40
content_copy
86
1
96
content_copy
content_copy Cool Gray 1
202
202
200
content_copy
content_copy CACAC8
16
12
12
0
content_copy
81.20
0.08
0.65
content_copy
81
1
110
content_copy
content_copy Cool Gray 2
197
197
197
content_copy
content_copy C5C5C5
19
14
13
0
content_copy
79.54
0.07
0.08
content_copy
79
0
312
content_copy
content_copy Cool Gray 3
183
184
185
content_copy
content_copy B7B8B9
25
18
16
3
content_copy
74.73
0.01
-0.59
content_copy
74
0
255
content_copy
content_copy Cool Gray 4
173
174
176
content_copy
content_copy ADAEB0
28
21
18
4
content_copy
71.06
-0.08
-1.19
content_copy
71
1
271
content_copy
content_copy Cool Gray 5
164
166
168
content_copy
content_copy A4A6A8
32
24
20
8
content_copy
67.82
-0.06
-1.63
content_copy
68
1
255
content_copy
content_copy Cool Gray 6
156
158
160
content_copy
content_copy 9C9EA0
35
26
22
11
content_copy
64.82
-0.08
-1.89
content_copy
65
1
255
content_copy
content_copy Cool Gray 7
147
149
152
content_copy
content_copy 939598
38
28
24
14
content_copy
61.49
-0.11
-2.16
content_copy
61
1
265
content_copy
content_copy Cool Gray 8
137
139
142
content_copy
content_copy 898B8E
41
31
26
18
content_copy
57.69
-0.12
-2.36
content_copy
57
1
265
content_copy
content_copy Cool Gray 9
129
131
135
content_copy
content_copy 818387
45
34
28
23
content_copy
54.74
-0.16
-2.50
content_copy
54
2
271
content_copy
content_copy Cool Gray 10
122
125
129
content_copy
content_copy 7A7D81
47
36
29
26
content_copy
52.19
-0.14
-2.54
content_copy
52
2
263
content_copy
content_copy Cool Gray 11

2.2 · Download color files

3 · Desktop background

3.1 · Download desktop backgrounds

news + thoughts

Symmetric alternatives to the ordinary least squares regression

Wed 23-07-2025

What immortal hand or eye, could frame thy fearful symmetry? — William Blake, "The Tyger"

This month, we look at symmetric regression, which, unlike simple linear regression, it is reversible — remaining unaltered when the variables are swapped.

Simple linear regression can summarize the linear relationship between two variables `X` and `Y` — for example, when `Y` is considered the response (dependent) and `X` the predictor (independent) variable.

However, there are times when we are not interested (or able) to distinguish between dependent and independent variables — either because they have the same importance or the same role. This is where symmetric regression can help.

Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
Nature Methods Points of Significance column: Symmetric alternatives to the ordinary least squares regression. Geometry of quantities minimized in OLS and symmetric regression. OLS minimizes `\Sigma e_y^2` in `Y` ~ `X` and `\Sigma e_x^2` `X` ~ `Y`. Pythagorean regression minimizes AB (magenta). Geometric means regression (GMR) minimizes area of ABP (orange). Orthogonal regression (OR) minimizes HP (blue). (read)

Luca Greco, George Luta, Martin Krzywinski & Naomi Altman (2025) Points of significance: Symmetric alternatives to the ordinary least squares regression. Nat. Methods 22:1610–1612.

Beyond Belief Campaign BRCA Art

Wed 11-06-2025

Fuelled by philanthropy, findings into the workings of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have led to groundbreaking research and lifesaving innovations to care for families facing cancer.

This set of 100 one-of-a-kind prints explore the structure of these genes. Each artwork is unique — if you put them all together, you get the full sequence of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins.

Propensity score weighting

Mon 17-03-2025

The needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few. —Mr. Spock (Star Trek II)

This month, we explore a related and powerful technique to address bias: propensity score weighting (PSW), which applies weights to each subject instead of matching (or discarding) them.

Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
Nature Methods Points of Significance column: Propensity score weighting. (read)

Kurz, C.F., Krzywinski, M. & Altman, N. (2025) Points of significance: Propensity score weighting. Nat. Methods 22:638–640.

Happy 2025 π Day—
TTCAGT: a sequence of digits

Thu 13-03-2025

Celebrate π Day (March 14th) and sequence digits like its 1999. Let's call some peaks.

Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
2025 π DAY | TTCAGT: a sequence of digits. The digits of π are encoded into DNA sequence and visualized with Sanger sequencing. (details)

Crafting 10 Years of Statistics Explanations: Points of Significance

Sun 09-03-2025

I don’t have good luck in the match points. —Rafael Nadal, Spanish tennis player

Points of Significance is an ongoing series of short articles about statistics in Nature Methods that started in 2013. Its aim is to provide clear explanations of essential concepts in statistics for a nonspecialist audience. The articles favor heuristic explanations and make extensive use of simulated examples and graphical explanations, while maintaining mathematical rigor.

Topics range from basic, but often misunderstood, such as uncertainty and P-values, to relatively advanced, but often neglected, such as the error-in-variables problem and the curse of dimensionality. More recent articles have focused on timely topics such as modeling of epidemics, machine learning, and neural networks.

In this article, we discuss the evolution of topics and details behind some of the story arcs, our approach to crafting statistical explanations and narratives, and our use of figures and numerical simulations as props for building understanding.

Martin Krzywinski @MKrzywinski mkweb.bcgsc.ca
Crafting 10 Years of Statistics Explanations: Points of Significance. (read)

Altman, N. & Krzywinski, M. (2025) Crafting 10 Years of Statistics Explanations: Points of Significance. Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application 12:69–87.

Martin Krzywinski | contact | Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences CentrePHSA
Google whack “vicissitudinal corporealization”
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